Table

You can provide configuration to Snowflake Object Lifecycle Engine for the following operations with the table:

• Manage the lifecycle of new and existing tables
• Manage the grants of a table
• Manage the tags applied to tables

Usage

Default Configuration

databases:
  <database-name>:
    schemas:
      <schema-name>:
        tables:
          <table-name>:
            <configuration-key>: <value>
            grants:
              <privilege>:
                - <role-name>
                - <role-name>
            shares:
              <privilege>:
                - <share-name>
                - <share-name>
            with_tags:
              <tag-name>:
                value: <tag-value>
                schema: <source-schema>

Data Products Configuration

- table:
    name: <table-name>
    <configuration-key>: <value>
    database: rel(database.<database-name>)
    schema: rel(schema.<schema-name>)
    grants:
      <privilege>:
        - rel(role.<role-name>)
        - rel(role.<role-name>)
    shares:
      <privilege>:
        - rel(share.<share-name>)
        - rel(share.<share-name>)
    with_tags:
      <tag-name>:
        value: <tag-value>
        schema: <source-schema>

Supported parameters

The engine supports the parameters listed below.

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
columns	Required	Object: See here for definition of columns	Definitions of a column to create in the table. Minimum one required
comment	Optional	String	Specifies a comment for the table
change_tracking	Optional	Boolean: false (default)	Specifies whether to enable change tracking on the table
cluster_by	Optional	List of String	A list of one or more table columns/expressions to be used as clustering key(s) for the table
data_retention_days	Optional	Integer: For standard edition 0 or 1, and for enterprise edition 0 to 90 (permanent tables) and 0 or 1 (transient table)	Specifies the retention period for the table so that Time Travel actions (SELECT, CLONE, UNDROP) can be performed on historical data in the table. The default value is inherited from the parent schema.
deleted	Optional	Boolean: true enables deletion prevention, false does nothing	Specifies what objects are allowed to be deleted
grants	Optional	Map: See Supported Table Grants to Roles	List of Privileges and Roles to which privileges are granted on the current table
manage_mode	Optional	String: all (default), none, grants	Configures what properties to manage for the table. See Changing Manage Mode before changing the value.
primary_key	Optional	Block Map (max 1): See here for definition of primary_key	Definitions of primary key constraint to create on table
shares	Optional	Map: See Supported Table Grants to Shares	List of Privileges and Roles to which privileges are granted on the current table
with_tags	Optional	Object: See here for a definition of with_tags	List of tag references to be applied to the current table
always_drop_and_create	Optional	Boolean: false (default) See here for a definition of always_drop_and_create	Specifies to drop and recreate the table

columns Parameter

You can specify the columns of the table to be managed.

List multiple columns in an object format in the columns parameter with each having the following supported parameters:

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
type	Required	String	Data type of the Column
comment	Optional	String	Comment on the column
default	Optional	Block List (max 1): See here for a definition of default	Defines the column default value. Note: Because of the limitations of Snowflake's ALTER TABLE ADD/MODIFY COLUMN, updates to default will not be applied.
as	Optional	Block List (max 1): See here for a definition of as	Defines the virtual column value. Note: Because of the limitations of Snowflake's ALTER TABLE ADD/MODIFY COLUMN, updates to virtual column will not be applied.
identity	Optional	Block List (max 1): See here for a definition of identity	Defines the identity start/step values for a column. Note: identity and default are mutually exclusive.
nullable	Optional	Boolean	Whether this column can contain null values. Note: Depending on your Snowflake version, the default value will not suffice if this column is used in a primary key constraint.
with_tags	Optional	Object: See here for the definition of with_tags	List of tag references to be applied to the current column

Example

columns:
  NAME:
    type: VARCHAR(16777216)
  YEAR:
    type: VARCHAR(16777216)
    comment: "Test column YEAR"
    nullable: true

default parameter

You should provide only one of the three keys.

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
constant	Optional	String/Boolean/Null/Number (Float or Integer)	The default constant value for the column
expression	Optional	String	The default expression value for the column
sequence	Optional	String	The default sequence to use for the column

Example

default:
  constant: "10"

as parameter

info

The as parameter is only supported in SOLE for data products.

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
expression	Optional	String	The expression value for the column

Example

as:
  expression: "MD5('hash-me')"

Data product configuration

- table:
    name: STG_CUSTOMER
    database: rel(database.CRM_STAGING)
    schema: rel(schema.CORE)
    manage_mode: all
    grants:
      OWNERSHIP:
        - CRM
    columns:
      CUSTOMER_NAME:
        type: VARCHAR(32)
        nullable: false
      EFFECTIVE_DATE_FROM:
        type: TIMESTAMP_LTZ(9)
        as:
          expression: CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
        nullable: false
        comment: "Test Virtual Column"

Data product configuration

- table:
    name: STG_EMPLOYEE
    database: rel(database.TEST)
    schema: rel(schema.CORE)
    manage_mode: all
    columns:
      EmployeeID:
        type: INT
        nullable: true
      Name:
        type: VARCHAR(100)
        nullable: true
      Salary:
        type: DECIMAL(10,2)
        nullable: true
      Bonus:
        type: DECIMAL(10,2)
        nullable: true
      TotalCompensation:
        type: DECIMAL(10,2)
        as:
          expression: Salary + Bonus
        nullable: true

identity parameter

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
start_num	Optional	Integer	The number to start incrementing at
step_num	Optional	Integer	Step size to increment by

Example

identity:
  start_num: 1
  step_num: 5

primary_key parameter

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
keys	Required	List of String	Columns to use in primary key
name	Optional	String	Name of constraint

Example

primary_key:
  keys:
    - NAME
    - YEAR
  name: "PK_NAME_YEAR"

with_tags parameter

You can specify a list of tags to apply to the table/column.

List multiple tags in the with_tags parameter in an object format with the following parameters:

Configuration Key	Required/Optional	Data Types and Values	Description
value	Required	String	Value to assign to the tag
database	Optional	String	Database of the Tag identifier. If omitted, it defaults to the name of the database the table/column is in.
schema	Optional	String	Schema of the Tag identifier. If omitted, it defaults to the name of the schema the table/column is in.

Example

Default Configuration

databases:
  DB1:
    schemas:
      SCHEMA1:
        tables:
          TABLE1:
            with_tags:
              DEPARTMENT:
                value: Sales
                schema: TAG_LIBRARY
              CONFIDENTIALITY:
                value: Sensitive
                schema: TAG_LIBRARY

Data Products Configuration

- table:
    name: TABLE1
    database: rel(database.DB1)
    schema: rel(schema.SCHEMA1)
    with_tags:
      DEPARTMENT:
        value: Sales
        schema: TAG_LIBRARY
      CONFIDENTIALITY:
        value: Sensitive
        schema: TAG_LIBRARY

always_drop_and_create parameter

Use the always_drop_and_create parameter in the table definition only for ingestion tables, where the entire content is populated every time a data pipeline is run.

warning

Avoid using it for other tables where existing data needs to be preserved, as the always_drop_and_create parameter can result in data loss.

The advantage of using this parameter is that all columns in the table are arranged inside Snowflake in the same order as they are defined in the YAML file. Without this parameter, data is preserved, but new columns (with NULL content) are appended at the end.

In-Place changes

Using data type aliases leads to in-place changes when running a PLAN or APPLY for tables.

Aliases such as TEXT are converted to their actual value VARCHAR(16777216) when an object is created in Snowflake. Further, the actual value is saved in the local state as well. Thus, when subsequent pipelines run, the engine assumes that a change has to be made to convert VARCHAR(16777216) to specified data-type alias e.g. TEXT.

To reduce the number of in-place changes, use the actual data type, such as VARCHAR(16777216) or NUMBER(38,0), instead of data-type aliases such as TEXT or INTEGER.

For a complete list of data types and their aliases, refer to the Snowflake data type summary.

Supported table grants to roles

Following are the privileges you can grant to roles in the table definition:

• ALL PRIVILEGES
• SELECT
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE
• TRUNCATE
• REFERENCES
• OWNERSHIP
• APPLYBUDGET
• EVOLVE SCHEMA
• REBUILD

ALL PRIVILEGES handling

When you define ALL PRIVILEGES in the SOLE configuration file, you grant all the privileges listed above to roles on this object except OWNERSHIP. However, the management of ALL PRIVILEGES in SOLE differs from its handling in Snowflake. See Handling ALL PRIVILEGES in SOLE for more information.

Supported table grants to shares

Following is the privilege you can grant to shares in the table definition:

• SELECT

Inherited grants

Grants for a table can be defined in one of three sections:

• Table definition with parameter grants
• Schema definition with parameter table_grants
• Database definition with parameter table_grants

Local grants override grants defined in the parent's section. That means that table_grants defined in the database would be overridden by table_grants defined in the schema, and table_grants defined in schema would be overridden by grants defined in table.

If no overriding grants are defined, then grants from parents are inherited for all tables. If table_grants is defined in the schema, then all tables in the schema would inherit the grants defined. Similarly, if table_grants is defined in the database, then all tables in all schemas would inherit the grants defined.

Example

Inheriting grants defined in a database

Default Configuration

databases:
  SALES_RECORD:
    schemas:
      SALES:
        tables:
          PRODUCT:
            columns:
              PRODUCT_ID:
                type: NUMBER(38,0)
              PRODUCT_NAME:
                type: VARCHAR(16777216)
            comment: "Product Info"
    table_grants:
      UPDATE:
        - HR_ROLE
        - ACCOUNTADMIN

Data Products Configuration

- database:
    name: SALES_RECORD
    table_grants:
      UPDATE:
        - rel(role.HR_ROLE)
        - ACCOUNTADMIN
- schema:
    name: SALES
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
- table:
    name: PRODUCT
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
    schema: rel(schema.SALES)
    columns:
      PRODUCT_ID:
        type: NUMBER(38,0)
      PRODUCT_NAME:
        type: VARCHAR(16777216)
    comment: "Product Info"

With this configuration, the table PRODUCT would have the following grants:

• UPDATE to:
  • HR_ROLE
  • ACCOUNTADMIN

Inheriting grants defined in a schema

Default Configuration

databases:
  SALES_RECORD:
    schemas:
      SALES:
        table_grants:
          INSERT:
            - DEV_ROLE
            - SYSADMIN
          TRUNCATE:
            - ACCOUNTADMIN
        tables:
          PRODUCT:
            columns:
              PRODUCT_ID:
                type: NUMBER(38,0)
              PRODUCT_NAME:
                type: VARCHAR(16777216)
            comment: "Product Info"
    table_grants:
      UPDATE:
        - HR_ROLE
        - ACCOUNTADMIN

Data Products Configuration

- database:
    name: SALES_RECORD
    table_grants:
      UPDATE:
        - rel(role.HR_ROLE)
        - ACCOUNTADMIN
- schema:
    name: SALES
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
    table_grants:
      INSERT:
        - DEV_ROLE
        - SYSADMIN
      TRUNCATE:
        - ACCOUNTADMIN
- table:
    name: PRODUCT
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
    schema: rel(schema.SALES)
    columns:
      PRODUCT_ID:
        type: NUMBER(38,0)
      PRODUCT_NAME:
        type: VARCHAR(16777216)
    comment: "Product Info"

With this configuration, the table PRODUCT would have the following grants:

• INSERT to:
  • DEV_ROLE
  • SYSADMIN
• TRUNCATE to:
  • ACCOUNTADMIN

Overriding grants in a table

Default Configuration

databases:
  SALES_RECORD:
    schemas:
      SALES:
        table_grants:
          INSERT:
            - DEV_ROLE
            - SYSADMIN
          TRUNCATE:
            - ACCOUNTADMIN
        tables:
          PRODUCT:
            grants:
              SELECT:
                - DEV_ROLE
              UPDATE:
                - DEV_ROLE
            columns:
              PRODUCT_ID:
                type: NUMBER(38,0)
              PRODUCT_NAME:
                type: VARCHAR(16777216)
            comment: "Product Info"
    table_grants:
      UPDATE:
        - HR_ROLE
        - ACCOUNTADMIN

Data Products Configuration

- database:
    name: SALES_RECORD
    table_grants:
      UPDATE:
        - rel(role.HR_ROLE)
        - ACCOUNTADMIN
- schema:
    name: SALES
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
    table_grants:
      INSERT:
        - DEV_ROLE
        - SYSADMIN
      TRUNCATE:
        - ACCOUNTADMIN
- table:
    name: PRODUCT
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
    schema: rel(schema.SALES)
    grants:
      SELECT:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)
      UPDATE:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)
    columns:
      PRODUCT_ID:
        type: NUMBER(38,0)
      PRODUCT_NAME:
        type: VARCHAR(16777216)
    comment: "Product Info"

With this configuration, the table PRODUCT would have the following grants:

• SELECT to:
  • DEV_ROLE
• UPDATE to:
  • DEV_ROLE

Examples

Default Configuration

databases:
  SALES_RECORD:
    schemas:
      SALES:
        tables:
          PRODUCT:
            columns:
              PRODUCT_ID:
                type: NUMBER(38,0)
              PRODUCT_NAME:
                type: VARCHAR(16777216)
              PURCHASE_DATE:
                type: TIMESTAMP_NTZ(9)
                comment: "Product purchase date"
                nullable: true
                default:
                  expression: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()"
              PURCHASE_SEQUENCE:
                type: NUMBER(38,0)
                default:
                  sequence:
                    name: PURCHASE_SEQUENCE
                    schema: SALES
                    database: SALES_RECORD
              SERIAL:
                type: NUMBER(38,0)
                identity:
                  start_num: 1
                  step_num: 2
            comment: "Product Info"
            data_retention_days: 10
            change_tracking: false
            primary_key:
              keys:
                - PRODUCT_ID
              name: PK_PRODUCT_ID_SERIAL
            cluster_by:
              - "to_date(PURCHASE_DATE)"
              - "PRODUCT_NAME"
            grants:
              SELECT:
                - DEV_ROLE
              UPDATE:
                - DEV_ROLE
              APPLYBUDGET:
                - DEV_ROLE
              EVOLVE SCHEMA:
                - DEV_ROLE
              REBUILD:
                - DEV_ROLE

Data Products Configuration

- table:
    name: PRODUCT
    database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
    schema: rel(schema.SALES)
    always_drop_and_create: true
    columns:
      PRODUCT_ID:
        type: NUMBER(38,0)
      PRODUCT_NAME:
        type: VARCHAR(16777216)
      PURCHASE_DATE:
        type: TIMESTAMP_NTZ(9)
        comment: "Product purchase date"
        nullable: true
        default:
          expression: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()"
      PURCHASE_SEQUENCE:
        type: NUMBER(38,0)
        default:
          sequence:
            name: rel(sequence.PURCHASE_SEQUENCE)
            schema: rel(schema.SALES)
            database: rel(database.SALES_RECORD)
      SERIAL:
        type: NUMBER(38,0)
        identity:
          start_num: 1
          step_num: 2
    comment: "Product Info"
    data_retention_days: 10
    change_tracking: false
    primary_key:
      keys:
        - PRODUCT_ID
      name: PK_PRODUCT_ID_SERIAL
    cluster_by:
      - "to_date(PURCHASE_DATE)"
      - "PRODUCT_NAME"
    grants:
      SELECT:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)
      UPDATE:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)
      APPLYBUDGET:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)
      EVOLVE SCHEMA:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)
      REBUILD:
        - rel(role.DEV_ROLE)